Abstract
Background: Preeclampsia is a prevalent gestational complication, affecting approximately 2 to 15% of pregnancies. It generally occurs near-term and is associated with various risk factors, including maternal age, nulliparity, obesity, thrombocytopenia, calcium deficiency, and chronic kidney disease. Preeclampsia leads to either severe or mild conditions in both mother and fetus.
Aim: This study aims to assess the maternal and fetal outcomes in women at high risk for preeclampsia compared to those with normotensive pregnancies
Methodology: A prospective observational study was conducted to assess maternal and fetal outcomes in preeclamptic patients and those with normotensive pregnancies. The study included a total of 40 patients, with an equal number of preeclamptic and normotensive pregnancies. Data were collected on patient demographics, risk factors, and maternal and fetal outcomes. A risk assessment scale was employed to validate and refine the prediction of the occurrence and severity of preeclampsia.
Results: Among the 40 patients, the median age was 25 (22-29) years. The majority of the preeclamptic patients were <21 years of age (40%) and >30 years of age (10%), and most belonged to lower socioeconomic classes (90%). Nutritional deficiency (95%) was the predominant risk factor. A significant incidence of maternal and neonatal complications was observed.
Conclusion : This study revealed that risk factors exacerbate complications and adverse outcomes. Mild to severe outcomes were observed. Serious complications lead to maternal and neonatal deaths. Modifiable risk factors should be identified and reviewed regularly to reduce severe outcomes.
Keywords
- Preeclampsia
- proteinuria
- Nutritional deficiency
- Maternal and Neonatal outcomes