Abstract
Preeclampsia is a very serious public health problem and requires appropriate treatment to avoid complications. Preeclampsia is a medical problem with a high level of complexity. This disease may affect mothers during pregnancy and childbirth, and cause postpartum problems due to endothelial dysfunction in various organs, such as the risk of cardio metabolic disease and other complications.This study aimed to determine the most dominant factors associated with preeclampsia during pregnancy. This study was designed as a case control study including 162 patients, consisting of 81 pregnant women with preeclampsia and 81 pregnant women without preeclampsia from August 2010 to August 2015 at RS I Sultan Agung Semarang. The univariate data were analyzed using frequency distribution, bivariate data were analyzed using chi square test and multivariate data were analyzed using logistic regression.
The chi square test showed that systolic blood pressure (p=0,000; OR=61,750; 95%CI=17,729-215,071), proteinuria (p=0,000; OR=2,328; 95%CI=1,920-2,814), Gameli (p=0,043; OR=2,052; 95%CI=1,749-2,408), IDDM (p=0,043; OR=2,052; 95%CI=1,749-2,408) and multiparaous (p=0,043; OR=2,052; 95%CI=1,749-2,408) were significantly correlated with preeclampsia. Logistic regression test showed that diastolic blood pressure (p=0,000; OR=85,957; 95%CI=17,655-418,496) and maternal age (p=0,001; OR=1,848; 95%CI=1,295-2,638). Pregnant woman with diastolic blood pressure ≥80 mmHg have 85,957 times higher risk to develop preeclampsia compared to those with a lower diastolic blood pressure. Pregnant women with maternal age > 40 years have 1.848 times higher risk to develop preeclamsia compared to those with younger maternal age.